In order to really go fast, not only must you train for speed, strength and power, but you must relax the muscles not involved in the stroke. Practice doing your speedwork with relaxed face and neck muscles. Think of softening the muscles in face and neck.
Here is an article about sprinting that explains some of the techniques for running fast. Some of the information is also applicable to paddling fast:
http://www.brianmac.co.uk/articles/scni46a3.htm
There is a normal human tendency when you want to go fast to tense all of your muscles. This is very wasteful. You are wasting energy by tensing muscles that do nothing to make the boat go faster. Instead of tensing the face and neck, you need to let go and just pull harder with the arms, torso and shoulders. All of the running coaches emphasize relaxation as the means to getting faster.
It is sort of paradoxical or zen-like to think of going faster by relaxing. But practice it in your speedwork and in your training. Have someone observe you or video you to see if you are tensing muscles when doing short timed courses. Most people do tense up, unless they make deliberate efforts to relax.
Learn from a running coach about how to go fast:
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